1 00:00:31,240 --> 00:00:33,471 Look around you. 2 00:00:39,280 --> 00:00:41,272 Look around you. 3 00:00:46,320 --> 00:00:48,835 Just look around you. 4 00:00:55,720 --> 00:00:58,519 Have you worked out what we're looking for? 5 00:01:02,760 --> 00:01:04,080 Correct. 6 00:01:04,240 --> 00:01:05,799 The answer is... 7 00:01:11,600 --> 00:01:15,560 This programme, "The Brain", is sadly the last in the series, 8 00:01:15,720 --> 00:01:19,031 and can be found at the very end of your textbook. 9 00:01:22,080 --> 00:01:24,197 Please ensure you have your copybook at hand, 10 00:01:24,360 --> 00:01:27,159 as you'll be asked to take down notes from the screen 11 00:01:27,320 --> 00:01:29,835 at various points throughout the programme. 12 00:01:31,520 --> 00:01:33,876 What is the brain? 13 00:01:34,040 --> 00:01:37,317 If you don' t know that, you've forgotten how to think. 14 00:01:37,480 --> 00:01:40,951 You see, the brain is many things. 15 00:01:41,280 --> 00:01:45,957 It's a calculator, a dictionary, a battery, 16 00:01:46,120 --> 00:01:50,000 a camera, a TV and radio. 17 00:01:50,520 --> 00:01:54,070 In fact, it's all of these things and more. 18 00:01:54,240 --> 00:01:58,632 Pretty smart for something that resembles a garden cauliflower. 19 00:01:58,800 --> 00:02:02,191 The brain is basically a wrinkled bag of skin 20 00:02:02,360 --> 00:02:06,036 filled with warm water, veins and thought muscles. 21 00:02:08,080 --> 00:02:12,472 Think of it as a kind of modified heart, only with a mind or brain. 22 00:02:13,200 --> 00:02:17,752 It sits atop the body issuing its orders to the various components, 23 00:02:17,920 --> 00:02:21,834 controlling our walking and jumping, 24 00:02:23,040 --> 00:02:25,555 eye-to-eye coordination. 25 00:02:28,280 --> 00:02:30,840 Regulating our size. 26 00:02:33,360 --> 00:02:37,559 In fact, pretty much everything we do is governed by its decisions. 27 00:02:37,720 --> 00:02:40,440 It's a right old bossyboots! 28 00:02:40,840 --> 00:02:43,833 The opposite of the brain is probably the bum. 29 00:02:44,480 --> 00:02:46,949 It's nowhere near as intelligent as the brain. 30 00:02:47,120 --> 00:02:48,440 It doesn' t have to be, 31 00:02:48,640 --> 00:02:51,474 as it only needs to make very basic calculations. 32 00:02:58,680 --> 00:03:00,672 An experiment was carried out 33 00:03:00,840 --> 00:03:04,277 to illustrate the effects of brainial stimulation. 34 00:03:04,440 --> 00:03:05,760 For this experiment, 35 00:03:05,920 --> 00:03:09,550 we're going to use a small area of our subject's brain 36 00:03:09,760 --> 00:03:12,355 known as the broab. 37 00:03:12,840 --> 00:03:14,832 Using a hand drill, 38 00:03:15,000 --> 00:03:18,630 a small hole is formed at the base of Nigel's skull. 39 00:03:22,200 --> 00:03:25,910 You don' t have to be a brain surgeon operate on the brain, 40 00:03:26,080 --> 00:03:28,675 but you will need some training. 41 00:03:28,840 --> 00:03:33,039 After all, you'd hardly call out a hairdresser to fix a carburettor. 42 00:03:34,400 --> 00:03:38,997 Now a thin probe is slowly inserted into our hole 43 00:03:39,160 --> 00:03:42,119 so that the probe probes the broab. 44 00:03:44,160 --> 00:03:48,234 Observe the reaction and note the results down in your copybook. 45 00:03:50,960 --> 00:03:55,000 At first, Nigel appears to experience some discomfort. 46 00:03:56,800 --> 00:04:00,589 But this soon gives way to a feeling of elation. 47 00:04:02,840 --> 00:04:07,710 And as we force the probe deeper, it induces this reaction. 48 00:04:08,920 --> 00:04:13,631 A feeling of wanting to sneeze but being completely unable to. 49 00:04:15,560 --> 00:04:17,313 If you're trying this experiment for yourself, 50 00:04:17,480 --> 00:04:20,359 be aware that the effect is often permanent. 51 00:04:21,000 --> 00:04:23,799 Write that down in your copybook now. 52 00:04:26,680 --> 00:04:30,356 These days most of us know someone who's had an EBE, 53 00:04:30,520 --> 00:04:32,796 an electronic brain enhancement. 54 00:04:33,440 --> 00:04:36,831 People get it done for a variety of reasons. 55 00:04:37,000 --> 00:04:40,038 For example, if you want to read faster. 56 00:04:40,200 --> 00:04:44,479 Or to think up funnier jokes in social situations. 57 00:04:44,640 --> 00:04:46,597 She seems to like it. 58 00:04:46,760 --> 00:04:48,991 Tempting, isn' t it? 59 00:04:49,160 --> 00:04:51,550 But just take a look at this young man. 60 00:04:53,240 --> 00:04:55,232 Don' t be a fool. 61 00:05:00,640 --> 00:05:04,077 It's not just humans or animals that have a brain. 62 00:05:04,240 --> 00:05:06,755 Almost every living being has one. 63 00:05:08,200 --> 00:05:14,037 If we look inside one of these peas, we can see its tiny brain. 64 00:05:16,800 --> 00:05:19,235 Look at the little ridges, 65 00:05:19,720 --> 00:05:24,431 down which the pea sends electrical impulses to other peas, 66 00:05:24,600 --> 00:05:28,958 determining its daily duties and its status in the pod. 67 00:05:29,560 --> 00:05:33,395 Let's pop it back inside now, and leave the pea be. 68 00:05:47,120 --> 00:05:49,112 An experiment was carried out 69 00:05:49,280 --> 00:05:52,956 to illustrate the brain's powers of perception. 70 00:05:54,440 --> 00:05:59,640 First, a human brain is lowered gently into a solution of brine. 71 00:06:06,720 --> 00:06:09,189 Next, we connect a 9-volt battery, 72 00:06:09,360 --> 00:06:14,230 so an electrical current flows through the brine into the brain. 73 00:06:17,040 --> 00:06:19,999 Finally, a telephone line is installed... 74 00:06:36,480 --> 00:06:38,676 ..and the experiment can begin. 75 00:06:39,160 --> 00:06:42,312 We're going to set the brain a simple problem, 76 00:06:42,480 --> 00:06:45,040 so have your pen and paper ready. 77 00:06:48,120 --> 00:06:52,637 Brain, how many nuts are there in this jar? 78 00:06:53,800 --> 00:06:57,840 The brain sets to work until reaches its answer. 79 00:07:00,440 --> 00:07:02,830 (PHONE RINGS) 80 00:07:05,080 --> 00:07:06,833 Hello? 81 00:07:07,000 --> 00:07:08,992 It's the brain. 82 00:07:09,160 --> 00:07:11,880 Can I have your answer, please? 83 00:07:15,280 --> 00:07:16,953 OK. 84 00:07:29,680 --> 00:07:31,353 Hi. 85 00:07:33,400 --> 00:07:36,120 Thank you. Goodbye. 86 00:07:40,480 --> 00:07:42,870 Here's the brain's estimation. 87 00:07:43,040 --> 00:07:44,713 54. 88 00:07:44,880 --> 00:07:47,190 Let's see if the brain is right. 89 00:07:51,120 --> 00:07:53,271 Exactly... 90 00:07:53,480 --> 00:07:55,472 54 nuts. 91 00:07:55,640 --> 00:07:57,711 Well done. 92 00:07:57,880 --> 00:08:01,271 As a reward, the brain is fed. 93 00:08:09,000 --> 00:08:11,640 What a clever little brain. 94 00:08:15,480 --> 00:08:19,679 We hope you enjoyed this series as much we enjoyed making it. 95 00:08:22,080 --> 00:08:25,676 And so, we raise a glass to you, the viewer. 96 00:08:30,160 --> 00:08:33,312 There's no need to open the champagne now. 97 00:08:33,480 --> 00:08:37,633 Perhaps we'll save it for the next series. 98 00:08:38,480 --> 00:08:41,075 Until then, take care of yourself. 99 00:08:41,240 --> 00:08:43,914 And remember, look around you.